Santuario Historico de Machu Picchu

Machu Picchu, often called the “Lost City of the Incas,” is an awe-inspiring archaeological site in the Eastern Cordillera of southern Peru. This 15th-century Inca citadel sits on a mountain ridge at 2,430 meters (7,970 ft) above sea level, blending natural beauty with historical significance. Its stunning architecture, intricate terracing, and dramatic landscape make it one of the world’s most iconic destinations.

History

Machu Picchu was constructed in the 15th century by the Inca civilization during the reign of Emperor Pachacuti. Built around 1450, it was abandoned shortly after, likely due to a smallpox outbreak. Hidden for over three centuries, it was rediscovered in 1911 by American archaeologist Hiram Bingham. The site’s exact purpose and the names of its structures remain subjects of ongoing archaeological research and debate.

How to Get There

The easiest way to reach Machu Picchu is by flying to Cusco, Peru’s ancient capital. From Cusco, you can take a train to Aguas Calientes (Machu Picchu Town), the last stop before the site. From Aguas Calientes, a bus ride up the hill takes you to the entrance of Machu Picchu. Alternatively, you can hike the Inca Trail, a four-day trek that culminates in a sunrise visit to the Sun Gate and the main ruins.

Attractions

The Sun Gate

A short walk up to the Sun Gate offers a spectacular view of the ruins and is a must-visit for any traveler.

Temple of the Sun

One of the primary structures in Machu Picchu, this temple is known for its impressive architecture and historical significance.

Temple of the Three Windows

Another significant structure, this temple features three large windows that offer stunning views of the surrounding landscape.

Intihuatana

A solar clock used by the Incas to measure time and track the movements of the sun.

The Terraces

Over 700 terraces run throughout the ruins, providing a place for agriculture and stabilizing the city’s buildings and trails.

Huayna Picchu

A smaller peak adjacent to Machu Picchu, offering breathtaking views of the site and the surrounding mountains.

Ticket Information

There are three types of Machu Picchu entrance tickets:
– Circuit 1: Upper Terraces, where you can take panoramic photos of Machu Picchu but do not visit the ruins below.
– Circuit 2: Access to the Middle Terraces, where you can take the classic photo and visit the ruins below.
– Circuit 3: Lower circuit, where the main Inca structures are, but you have no access to the upper terraces or middle terraces to take the classic photos.

You must present your original passport or government-issued identification document along with your Machu Picchu entrance ticket, which can be shown on your cell phone or printed copy.

Tips for Visiting

1. Acclimatize: Spend some time in Cusco to acclimatize to the high altitude before heading to Machu Picchu.
2. Bring Essentials: Pack sunscreen, a sun hat, and water, as the sun can feel strong at altitude and there is limited shade.
3. Choose Your Circuit Wisely: Depending on your interests, choose the circuit that best fits your visit. The lower circuit provides access to the main Inca structures, while the upper and middle circuits offer panoramic views.
4. Avoid False Guides: Be cautious of guides who tell false stories about human sacrifice or hustle you through the site quickly. Many visitors have reported these issues.
5. Respect the Site: Machu Picchu is a sacred site for many locals. Be respectful of the environment and other visitors to ensure a positive experience for everyone.

By following these tips and planning your visit carefully, you can fully appreciate the wonders of Machu Picchu.