John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park

John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park – Key Largo, Florida

Overview

John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park is America’s first underwater park, offering visitors the chance to explore the only living coral barrier reef in the continental United States. Located in Key Largo, Florida, the park spans approximately 70 nautical square miles and protects a vibrant marine ecosystem filled with colorful coral formations, tropical fish, sea turtles, and other marine life. Established in 1963, it’s a paradise for snorkelers, divers, kayakers, and anyone who wants to experience the beauty of the Florida Keys both above and below the water.

Why Visit

• Snorkel or dive among stunning coral reefs teeming with marine life
• See the famous “Christ of the Abyss” underwater statue
• Explore mangrove trails by kayak or canoe
• Enjoy glass-bottom boat tours for a dry way to view the reef
• Relax on sandy beaches and enjoy the park’s picnic areas

Highlights

• Christ of the Abyss Statue: A submerged bronze statue located in 25 feet of water, popular with snorkelers and divers
• Molasses Reef: One of the park’s most famous dive sites, known for its vibrant coral and abundant fish species
• Glass-Bottom Boat Tours: Perfect for non-swimmers to experience the reef’s beauty
• Mangrove Canoe Trails: Paddle through calm waters surrounded by wildlife like herons and manatees

History & Cultural Significance

The park was established in 1963 and named after John D. Pennekamp, a Miami newspaper editor and conservationist who played a pivotal role in preserving Florida’s coral reefs. Its creation was part of a broader movement to protect marine environments from overfishing, pollution, and unchecked development. The park’s unique blend of natural wonders and historical artifacts, such as shipwrecks, tells the story of Florida’s maritime heritage and the ongoing efforts to safeguard its delicate ecosystems.

Typical Costs & Tickets

Entrance fees vary depending on the type of vehicle or activity:

• Vehicle Entry: $8 per vehicle (plus $0.50 per person)
• Snorkeling Tours: Around $38–$45 USD per person, including gear
• Scuba Diving Trips: Typically $70–$90 USD per person, plus equipment rental
• Glass-Bottom Boat Tours: About $24–$30 USD per adult

Reservations for boat tours, snorkeling, and diving are highly recommended, especially during weekends and holidays.

Best Time to Visit

The park is open year-round, but the best conditions for water clarity and calm seas are typically from late spring to early fall. Winter months can bring cooler water temperatures and stronger winds, but they’re also less crowded. Early morning trips often offer the calmest waters and the best wildlife sightings.

Nearby Experiences

Key Largo offers plenty to explore beyond the park. Visit the Florida Keys Wild Bird Rehabilitation Center, sample fresh seafood at local dockside restaurants, or explore the nearby Florida Keys National Marine Sanctuary. Islamorada, just a short drive south, is another hotspot for fishing charters, art galleries, and sunset views.

Travel Tips

• Book water-based tours in advance, as they can sell out quickly during peak season
• Wear reef-safe sunscreen to protect the coral ecosystem
• Bring an underwater camera for unforgettable shots of marine life
• Check weather and sea conditions before heading out on the water
• For beginners, consider starting with a guided snorkeling tour before attempting scuba diving

Fun Facts & Local Legends

• The “Christ of the Abyss” statue is a replica of an Italian original placed in the Mediterranean Sea
• The park’s reefs are home to over 260 species of fish and 80 species of coral
• It’s a popular filming location for underwater documentaries and travel shows
• Manatees are often spotted in the park’s mangrove areas during the cooler months