South Shetland Islands

South Shetland Islands – Antarctica

Overview

The South Shetland Islands are a remote archipelago lying about 75 miles (120 kilometers) north of the Antarctic Peninsula, separated by the legendary Drake Passage. Stretching for over 330 miles, the islands include more than a dozen major landmasses, such as King George, Deception, and Livingston Islands. Discovered in the early 19th century by sealers and whalers, they have since become a vital gateway to Antarctica, home to research stations from multiple nations. Today, the South Shetlands are a highlight of Antarctic cruises, known for their rugged volcanic landscapes, thriving penguin colonies, dramatic glaciers, and international scientific presence. They provide visitors with one of the most accessible ways to step foot on the Antarctic region.

Why Visit

• Set foot on Antarctic territory as part of many Antarctic cruise itineraries
• Explore volcanic landscapes, including the flooded caldera of Deception Island
• See thriving wildlife: penguins, seals, whales, and seabirds
• Visit King George Island, a hub of international Antarctic research stations
• Capture breathtaking views of glaciers, icebergs, and rugged coastlines

Highlights

• King George Island: The largest island, hosting multiple international research bases from countries like Chile, Russia, China, and South Korea
• Deception Island: A volcanic island with a natural harbor where ships can sail into a flooded caldera; also known for its black sand beaches and geothermal activity
• Livingston Island: Known for its striking glaciers and diverse wildlife, including elephant seals and penguin rookeries
• Half Moon Island: A crescent-shaped island home to large colonies of chinstrap penguins
• Penguin Colonies: Adelie, gentoo, and chinstrap penguins nest in the thousands across the islands

History & Cultural Significance

The South Shetland Islands were first sighted in 1819, quickly becoming a center of sealing and whaling activity during the early 19th century. The abundance of seals drew hunters, leading to a boom that depleted populations within decades. By the 20th century, the islands had shifted focus toward exploration and science. King George Island in particular became a hub of international cooperation, with research stations established under the Antarctic Treaty System. These bases conduct studies in fields ranging from climate science to biology, symbolizing peaceful collaboration in one of the most remote parts of the planet. For modern travelers, the islands offer a glimpse into both Antarctica’s natural wonders and its global importance.

Typical Costs & Tickets

There is no direct entry fee to the South Shetland Islands, as they are accessible only via organized Antarctic cruises. Expedition cruises from Ushuaia, Argentina, typically include landings on the South Shetlands as part of their itinerary. Costs range from $5,000–$12,000 USD per person for a 10–14 day voyage, with luxury or extended trips priced higher. Some “fly-cruise” packages fly passengers to King George Island to bypass the Drake Passage, often costing $8,000–$15,000 USD.

Best Time to Visit

The Antarctic cruise season runs from late October to March. The South Shetland Islands are accessible throughout this period, though the experience changes by month. November brings pristine landscapes and active courting behavior among penguins. December and January offer the warmest weather, hatching chicks, and longer daylight hours. February and March are prime months for whale watching as the seas fill with krill. Regardless of the month, weather remains unpredictable, with sudden snow, rain, or fog always possible.

Nearby Experiences

The South Shetland Islands are often the first landfall for Antarctic cruises crossing the Drake Passage. Most itineraries combine landings here with explorations of the Antarctic Peninsula, where visitors can experience towering icebergs, massive glaciers, and dramatic fjords. Popular pairings include Zodiac excursions through iceberg-strewn bays and visits to research stations on King George Island. Some longer cruises also include the Falkland Islands or South Georgia, creating a comprehensive sub-Antarctic journey rich in wildlife and history.

Travel Tips

• Dress in layers and wear waterproof outer gear for landings by Zodiac
• Respect wildlife by keeping the recommended distance (usually 5 meters for penguins and seals)
• Bring a camera with zoom lenses for capturing wildlife and landscapes
• Be flexible—landings depend on weather and sea conditions
• Consider motion sickness medication for the Drake Passage crossing

Fun Facts & Local Legends

• Deception Island is one of the few places in the world where ships can sail directly into an active volcanic caldera
• King George Island is sometimes nicknamed the “capital of Antarctica” due to its cluster of international research stations
• The South Shetlands lie at the convergence of three major ocean currents, making them rich in marine biodiversity
• Chinstrap penguins are the most common species on the islands, easily identified by the black “strap” under their chins