Caral Archaeological Zone – Ministry of Culture

Caral Archaeological Site Travel Guide

Introduction

Caral, recognized as the oldest city in the Americas, is an essential destination for those fascinated by ancient cultures. Situated in the Supe Valley, approximately 184 kilometers north of Lima, Peru, this UNESCO World Heritage Site offers an extraordinary insight into the lives of the Caral civilization, which thrived over 5,000 years ago. The site is exceptionally well-preserved, allowing visitors to explore the earliest urban center in the Americas.

History

The Caral site was first identified by American archaeologist Paul Kosok in 1948, but it was Peruvian archaeologist Ruth Shady Solís who revealed its true significance in 1994. The city flourished as a major urban center from 3000 to 1800 BCE, housing around 3,000 inhabitants. Known for its advanced governance and religious significance, Caral showcases evidence of a peaceful society focused on cultural development, with no indications of warfare.

How to Get There

To reach Caral, the most convenient option is to take a bus from Lima’s Terminal Terrestre located near Plaza Norte. Disembark at the town of Supe, where taxis are readily available to transport you to the archaeological complex. The journey takes about three hours each way, so it’s recommended to start your day early to allow ample time for exploration.

Things to See

1. **Pyramids**: Caral is home to six significant pyramidal structures, including the Templo Mayor, which rises to 28 meters. These pyramids are constructed from adobe, stone, logs, and mud, showcasing a palette of colors from white or light yellow to red.
2. **Sunken Plazas**: The site features several sunken circular plazas that were utilized for ceremonial activities.
3. **Residential and Elite Dwellings**: Discover the residential areas and elite homes that offer insights into the everyday lives of the Caral people.
4. **Ceremonial Halls**: The tops of the pyramids contain ceremonial halls used for religious and cultural events.
5. **Geoglyphs**: Located just west of the main site, a large geoglyph made of circular stones is believed to have been created concurrently with Caral.
6. **Irrigation Systems**: The sophisticated irrigation systems highlight the technological advancements of the Caral civilization.

Ticket Information

– **Opening Hours**: The Caral site is accessible daily from 9:00 am to 4:00 pm.
– **Admission Fees**:
– Adults: 11 soles (around $0.90 USD)
– Children under 12 years: 1 sole (approximately $0.10 USD)
– Seniors (60 years and older): 5.50 soles (about $0.50 USD)
– Tickets must be purchased in cash at the ticket booth on-site.

Tips for Visiting

1. **Early Start**: Begin your visit early to avoid the heat and ensure you have enough time to explore the site thoroughly.
2. **Guided Tours**: Consider hiring a local guide for a more in-depth understanding of the site’s history and significance.
3. **Comfortable Clothing**: Wear comfortable shoes and attire suitable for walking in the desert environment.
4. **Sun Protection**: Bring a sun hat, sunscreen, and plenty of water to shield yourself from the sun.
5. **Accessibility**: The site is wheelchair accessible, but be cautious as the paths can be rocky.
6. **On-Site Shops**: While there are shops at the site, typically only the ticket booth is operational, so it’s wise to bring your own snacks and water.

Caral is an intriguing destination that provides a unique perspective on one of the oldest civilizations in the Americas. With its remarkable pyramids, sunken plazas, and advanced irrigation systems, it is an essential visit for anyone interested in ancient history and culture.