Exploring the Underground Cities of Cappadocia

The underground cities of Cappadocia in Turkey offer a captivating look into the area’s historical and architectural heritage. These subterranean cities, carved from soft volcanic rock, served as refuges for early inhabitants, especially during invasions.

Historical Background

The origins of these underground cities trace back to the Phrygians in the 8th and 7th centuries BCE. Over the centuries, they were expanded by various civilizations, including the Hittites, Romans, and Byzantines. During the Byzantine period, they were extensively used as shelters from invaders like the Arabs and Mongols. These cities remained inhabited until the early 20th century.

Getting There

To visit the underground cities of Cappadocia, fly into either Kayseri or NevÅŸehir airports, which are the nearest to the region. From there, you can rent a car or use public transportation to reach the cities. Kaymakli and Derinkuyu are two of the most accessible and popular underground cities, located near NevÅŸehir.

Top Attractions

• Derinkuyu Underground City: Known for being the deepest underground city in Cappadocia, it extends about 60 meters below ground and features stables, chapels, and wine cellars.
• Kaymakli Underground City: Offers a glimpse into life underground with its stables, kitchens, and churches.
• Ozkonak Underground City: Another notable site with impressive ventilation systems.
• Göreme Open-Air Museum: While not an underground city, it’s a nearby attraction showcasing ancient cave dwellings and churches.

Ticket Information

Ticket prices generally range around 50 Turkish Liras per person for each underground city. Some attractions may offer combined tickets or group discounts.

Visiting Tips

• Arrive Early: Visit early in the morning to avoid crowds.
• Wear Comfortable Shoes: The paths can be uneven and narrow.
• Mind Your Head: Ceilings are low, so be prepared to duck frequently.
• Bring a Light Jacket: The temperature underground remains constant at about 13°C.
• Stay Hydrated: There are no services underground, so bring water and snacks.
• Respect Local Rules: Follow guided paths and avoid touching ancient structures.